Vertical Graphene is free-standing few-layer graphene materials with hierarchy structures, which is typical morphology characteristics of a complex material. Since late 90s and early 2000s, many scientific groups working on carbon nanotubes, C60 and diamond-like materials found out , via unique plasma process, Vertical Graphene could grow on a variety of substrates. Till today, thousands of peer-reviewed articles have been published to study Vertical Graphene. Many interesting applications have been invented, such as batteries, supercapacitors, electrochemical electrodes of analytics, water desalination and pollutant removal, gas sensors, catalyst, et al. Hundreds of patents have been filed for the applications. Thanks to advancement of vacuum, plasma and thin film growth technology, Vertical Graphene is able to be mass produced in clean fabs, via industry process facilities. The VG materials is commercially available and economically affordable to developers and end users now. A group of Complex Material based on vertically free-standing two-dimensional carbon nanomaterials has been called a variety of names in peer-reviewed research articles, including: Petal-Like Graphitic Flakes, Vertical Graphene, Vertically-Oriented Graphene, Carbon Nanosheets, Carbon Nanowalls, Carbon Nanoflakes, Vertical Graphene Nanosheets, Vertically Free-standing Graphene, Graphene Flowers, Graphene Petals, etc. We named them as “Vertical Graphene”.
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